The espresso world can seem intimidating to a newcomer, with lots of nick knacks, doodads and thingamajigs. But discerning the important features can help beginners speed up the home espresso learning curve and start brewing drinks confidently.
Aim for a well-rounded machine that allows you to make both espresso and milk. If you want ultimate convenience, consider a super-automatic.
Semi-Automatic
The semi-automatic espresso machine strikes a perfect balance between control and convenience, while letting you craft coffee shop quality drinks from the comfort of home. This type of machine allows you to choose your own grind size, tamping method and settings for water temperature and pressure during brewing. Then, simply press a button and an electrical pump will automatically deliver the right amount of water at the correct pressure and temperature to produce your desired shot.
The downside to this style of machine is that it can take some time and effort to learn how to master the art of espresso making and achieve consistent results. But, for those who consider pulling the perfect shot of espresso a skill worth learning and honing, this is a worthwhile endeavor. Ultimately, the level of skill and control you can have over your espresso is what separates it from your average coffee maker or commercial espresso machines.
This style of espresso maker is also a popular option because it is relatively easy to use and maintain, especially when compared to a manual machine. But, while they do take some of the guesswork and complexity out of brewing espresso, they also typically cost more than semi-automatic models.
These are the types of machines that many people first think of when purchasing an espresso machine. Super-automatics, often referred to as full automatic machines, do it all for you: they grind the beans, measure and tamp them, then brew using an internal pump that delivers a pre-set volume of water before shutting off. They also typically feature a removable waste bin that collects the spent puck after a shot is brewed and a steam wand for creating milk froth.
For the best experience, look for a machine that lets you adjust tamping and grinding levels, has an easily accessible portafilter basket and can be switched between brewing and steaming modes (if it doesn’t have dual boilers). It should also allow you to fine-tune the temperature of the espresso through a PID controller and have a good ratio of price to components.
Super-Automatic
When you are not planning on steaming or creating latte art and just want to keep experimenting with coffee and brew espresso with minimal tinkering, a super automatic machine is the way to go. These machines are extremely user-friendly and can be used by anyone in your family (although teaching them to properly handle the milk wand takes some patience). The water temperature during extraction is highly controllable and the grounds are ground to order so that you always have fresh and flavorful coffee at your fingertips. The most important aspect of the super-automatic is that it can brew a perfect shot of espresso every time. This means 165 degrees Fahrenheit at the point of dispense, with a consistent flow rate to avoid over-extraction and bitterness.
The best super-automatic espresso machines are able to produce cafe-quality cappuccinos and lattes, but there are also models that specialize in making black coffee. The Jura E4 is a great example of this. It does not have a steam wand and only offers three drink options: black espresso, Americano, or brewed coffee. However, it still delivers a very flavorful cup of espresso thanks to the patented Pulse Extraction Process. Additionally, it uses a brewing system that allows you to use any type of coffee beans that you prefer, rather than forcing you into a restricted system of pre-approved capsules.
Super-automatics have traditionally received criticism for not being able to replicate barista-quality extraction and perfectly-textured microfoam, but the technology is changing and quality is getting better. Look for machines that feature a pre-infusion function, which will dampen the ground beans slightly before extraction to help enhance aroma and flavor.
One thing to keep in mind with super-automatics is that they tend to be more expensive than semi-automatic or automatic machines. This is because they usually have more built-in components and are capable of doing more things at once. That said, you can find super-automatic espresso machines that are very affordable if you shop around.
One of the most common misconceptions regarding super-automatic machines is that they require zero maintenance. That is not true! You will need to clean and descale your machine on a regular basis. However, you can reduce your maintenance costs by using the right cleaning products and following the recommended procedures.
Manual-Lever
While many espresso enthusiasts have moved on to semi-automatic and super-automatic machines, there is a dedicated group that still prefers to use a manual lever machine. This style of machine allows the user to exert control over each stage of the process, from the infusion to the extraction. For some, this is more satisfying than leaving the control of those factors up to a machine.
Manual machines can be a bit intimidating for the new coffee lover, especially because they require a greater degree of knowledge and input from the user in order to get great results. But those who are willing to put in the time and effort can reap rewards far beyond what you can get out of a semi-automatic or super-automatic machine.
The most classic type of espresso machine is a lever model. These machines are not powered by electricity, so you must heat water separately, usually using an electric kettle. They also tend to be smaller than other types of machines, making them easier to transport and store. However, because they lack a boiler, you will not be able to steam milk with them either, so you’ll need to buy a separate device for this if that is a feature you want.
There are two main types of manual espresso machines: spring piston and direct lever. Spring piston machines use a calibrated spring to apply pressure to the grounds for you, so they are less hands-on than direct lever models. However, the latter have no such mechanism and require you to apply all of the pressure by hand. This allows you to have total control over the pressure and speed of the extraction, so this is the preferred type of manual espresso machine for those who want to have as much control over the brewing process as possible.
Features
While making cafe-quality espresso at home used to require a lot of practice and guesswork, today’s best machines let even novices feel like baristas by automating some of the manual steps. They also provide a range of advanced features that give users the freedom to customize their drinks and hone their craft.
Whether you’re a beginner or an advanced user, determining which home espresso machine is best for you will depend on your level of involvement in the process and your budget. The most important factors to consider are:
Internal and external material: This impacts both aesthetic longevity and functionality. Look for a machine with a sturdy build and brass or copper components, which are renowned for their thermal efficiency and durability.
Portafilter: The handled part that locks into your espresso machine to brew your shots. It’s essential that the portafilter is made from durable materials that hold up to repeated use and cleaning. The handle should be comfortable and easy to grip. The group head (where water dispenses): Look for models with an E61 group head, named for its inception during a solar eclipse in 1961. This classic design is renowned for its reliability and compatibility with many upgrades and accessories. 58mm ports are also common among espresso machines for their ease of use and compatibility with a wide array of filter baskets.
Pump: The pump is the heart of an espresso machine and controls how much pressure is exerted on grounds during brewing. Ideally, a machine should have at least 11 BARs of pressure to produce a strong, flavorful shot.
Steam wand: The pipe on the side of an espresso machine that shoots high-pressure steam for milk drinks, such as cappuccinos and lattes. A great steamer should be fast to heat up, versatile enough to froth different types of milk, and have a simple control knob for adjusting the amount of foam produced.